1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone

Other

70

Good

CAS Number: 96-26-4

About 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone

Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) — the active ingredient in self-tanners. Reacts with skin proteins to create a temporary brown color. Generally safe but can cause mild irritation.

Detailed Analysis

DHA (dihydroxyacetone) is a three-carbon sugar (triose) that undergoes the Maillard reaction with amino acids in the stratum corneum to produce melanoidin pigments, creating the appearance of a tan without UV exposure. EU-approved at up to 10% in professional products and 6.25% in consumer products. GHS codes indicate skin irritation (H315), eye irritation (H319), and respiratory irritation (H335). Concerns exist about formaldehyde generation during the tanning reaction, though levels are generally below significance thresholds. It does not provide UV protection despite the darkened appearance.

Skin Benefits

  • ✓ sunless tanning
  • ✓ temporary cosmetic bronzing

Known Concerns

  • ⚠ skin irritant (H315)
  • ⚠ eye irritant (H319)
  • ⚠ respiratory irritant (H335)
  • ⚠ may release trace formaldehyde during reaction
  • ⚠ no UV protection despite tan appearance
  • ⚠ should not be inhaled (spray application concerns)

Safety Score

70

Good

Based on EU regulatory data, published safety research, and ingredient function analysis.

References

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EU CosIng Database

European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry

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This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for skin concerns or allergies.